java-阴历日期和阳历日期互相转换

最近遇到处理阴历日期的问题（生日），就查资料了解了一下关于阴历阳历的知识。参照百度文库

下面简略介绍一下阴历阳历转换的算法原理：

阳历，有很强的规律性。每年12个月，1、3、5、7、8、10、12月都为31天；2月份平年28天，能被4除尽的年份里为29天，但1900年为28天；其余月份为31天。阴历却没有什么特定的规律，是根据天文观测得到的某月是29天还是30天。下面是经过整理的150年内的阴历数据：

0x04bd8,0x04ae0,0x0a570,0x054d5,0x0d260,0x0d950,0x16554,0x056a0,0x09ad0,0x055d2,
0x04ae0,0x0a5b6,0x0a4d0,0x0d250,0x1d255,0x0b540,0x0d6a0,0x0ada2,0x095b0,0x14977,
0x04970,0x0a4b0,0x0b4b5,0x06a50,0x06d40,0x1ab54,0x02b60,0x09570,0x052f2,0x04970,
0x06566,0x0d4a0,0x0ea50,0x06e95,0x05ad0,0x02b60,0x186e3,0x092e0,0x1c8d7,0x0c950,
0x0d4a0,0x1d8a6,0x0b550,0x056a0,0x1a5b4,0x025d0,0x092d0,0x0d2b2,0x0a950,0x0b557,
0x06ca0,0x0b550,0x15355,0x04da0,0x0a5d0,0x14573,0x052d0,0x0a9a8,0x0e950,0x06aa0,
0x0aea6,0x0ab50,0x04b60,0x0aae4,0x0a570,0x05260,0x0f263,0x0d950,0x05b57,0x056a0,
0x096d0,0x04dd5,0x04ad0,0x0a4d0,0x0d4d4,0x0d250,0x0d558,0x0b540,0x0b5a0,0x195a6,
0x095b0,0x049b0,0x0a974,0x0a4b0,0x0b27a,0x06a50,0x06d40,0x0af46,0x0ab60,0x09570,
0x04af5,0x04970,0x064b0,0x074a3,0x0ea50,0x06b58,0x055c0,0x0ab60,0x096d5,0x092e0,
0x0c960,0x0d954,0x0d4a0,0x0da50,0x07552,0x056a0,0x0abb7,0x025d0,0x092d0,0x0cab5,
0x0a950,0x0b4a0,0x0baa4,0x0ad50,0x055d9,0x04ba0,0x0a5b0,0x15176,0x052b0,0x0a930,
0x07954,0x06aa0,0x0ad50,0x05b52,0x04b60,0x0a6e6,0x0a4e0,0x0d260,0x0ea65,0x0d530,
0x05aa0,0x076a3,0x096d0,0x04bd7,0x04ad0,0x0a4d0,0x1d0b6,0x0d250,0x0d520,0x0dd45,
0x0b5a0,0x056d0,0x055b2,0x049b0,0x0a577,0x0a4b0,0x0aa50,0x1b255,0x06d20,0x0ada0

然后解释一下表中的数据，拿第一个0x04bd8来说吧，他是5个16进制数，共20bit。最后四位，即8，代表该年闰月的月份，为0则没有闰月。前四位，即0，在该年有闰月才有意义，为0表示闰月29天，为1表示闰月30天。中间12位，即4bd代表该年12个月每个月的天数，0表示29天，1表示30天。

然后就是根据阳历的1900年1月31日是阴历的1900年的正月初一，然后查表得出阴历和阳历的关系。

上代码：

package com.wekri.calendar;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * <b>描述</b>: 日历转换工具类：阴历和阳历日期互换(阴历日期范围19000101~20491229)<br>
 * @author liu 2015-1-5
 */
public class CalendarUtil {
	//	private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CalendarUtil.class);
	// 计算阴历日期参照1900年到2049年
	private final static int[] LUNAR_INFO = {
			0x04bd8,0x04ae0,0x0a570,0x054d5,0x0d260,0x0d950,0x16554,0x056a0,0x09ad0,0x055d2,
			0x04ae0,0x0a5b6,0x0a4d0,0x0d250,0x1d255,0x0b540,0x0d6a0,0x0ada2,0x095b0,0x14977,
			0x04970,0x0a4b0,0x0b4b5,0x06a50,0x06d40,0x1ab54,0x02b60,0x09570,0x052f2,0x04970,
			0x06566,0x0d4a0,0x0ea50,0x06e95,0x05ad0,0x02b60,0x186e3,0x092e0,0x1c8d7,0x0c950,
			0x0d4a0,0x1d8a6,0x0b550,0x056a0,0x1a5b4,0x025d0,0x092d0,0x0d2b2,0x0a950,0x0b557,
			0x06ca0,0x0b550,0x15355,0x04da0,0x0a5d0,0x14573,0x052d0,0x0a9a8,0x0e950,0x06aa0,
			0x0aea6,0x0ab50,0x04b60,0x0aae4,0x0a570,0x05260,0x0f263,0x0d950,0x05b57,0x056a0,
			0x096d0,0x04dd5,0x04ad0,0x0a4d0,0x0d4d4,0x0d250,0x0d558,0x0b540,0x0b5a0,0x195a6,
			0x095b0,0x049b0,0x0a974,0x0a4b0,0x0b27a,0x06a50,0x06d40,0x0af46,0x0ab60,0x09570,
			0x04af5,0x04970,0x064b0,0x074a3,0x0ea50,0x06b58,0x055c0,0x0ab60,0x096d5,0x092e0,
			0x0c960,0x0d954,0x0d4a0,0x0da50,0x07552,0x056a0,0x0abb7,0x025d0,0x092d0,0x0cab5,
			0x0a950,0x0b4a0,0x0baa4,0x0ad50,0x055d9,0x04ba0,0x0a5b0,0x15176,0x052b0,0x0a930,
			0x07954,0x06aa0,0x0ad50,0x05b52,0x04b60,0x0a6e6,0x0a4e0,0x0d260,0x0ea65,0x0d530,
			0x05aa0,0x076a3,0x096d0,0x04bd7,0x04ad0,0x0a4d0,0x1d0b6,0x0d250,0x0d520,0x0dd45,
			0x0b5a0,0x056d0,0x055b2,0x049b0,0x0a577,0x0a4b0,0x0aa50,0x1b255,0x06d20,0x0ada0
	};

	// 允许输入的最小年份
	private final static int MIN_YEAR = 1900;
	// 允许输入的最大年份
	private final static int MAX_YEAR = 2049;
	// 当年是否有闰月
	private static boolean isLeapYear;
	// 阳历日期计算起点
	private final static String START_DATE = "19000130";


	/**
	 * 计算阴历 {@code year}年闰哪个月 1-12 , 没闰传回 0
	 * @param year 阴历年
	 * @return (int)月份
	 * @author liu 2015-1-5
	 */
	private static int getLeapMonth(int year) {
		return (int) (LUNAR_INFO[year - 1900] & 0xf);
	}

	/**
	 * 计算阴历{@code year}年闰月多少天
	 * @param year 阴历年
	 * @return (int)天数
	 * @author liu 2015-1-5
	 */
	private static int getLeapMonthDays(int year) {
		if(getLeapMonth(year)!=0){
			if((LUNAR_INFO[year - 1900] & 0xf0000)==0){
				return 29;
			}else {
				return 30;
			}
		}else{
			return 0;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 计算阴历{@code lunarYeay}年{@code month}月的天数
	 * @param lunarYeay 阴历年
	 * @param month 阴历月
	 * @return (int)该月天数
	 * @throws Exception
	 * @author liu 2015-1-5
	 */
	private static int getMonthDays(int lunarYeay, int month) throws Exception {
		if ((month > 31) || (month < 0)) {
			throw(new Exception("月份有错！"));
		}
		// 0X0FFFF[0000 {1111 1111 1111} 1111]中间12位代表12个月，1为大月，0为小月
		int bit = 1 << (16-month);
		if(((LUNAR_INFO[lunarYeay - 1900] & 0x0FFFF)&bit)==0){
			return 29;
		}else {
			return 30;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 计算阴历{@code year}年的总天数
	 * @param year 阴历年
	 * @return (int)总天数
	 * @author liu 2015-1-5
	 */
	private static int getYearDays(int year) {
		int sum = 29*12;
		for(int i=0x8000;i>=0x8;i>>=1){
			if((LUNAR_INFO[year-1900]&0xfff0&i)!=0){
				sum++;
			}
		}
		return sum+getLeapMonthDays(year);
	}

	/**
	 * 计算两个阳历日期相差的天数。计算不准确，已经废弃
	 * @param startDate 开始时间
	 * @param endDate 截至时间
	 * @return (int)天数
	 * @author liu 2015-1-5
	 */
	@Deprecated
	private static int daysBetween2(Date startDate, Date endDate) {
		long between_days=(endDate.getTime()-startDate.getTime())/(1000*3600*24);

		return Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(between_days));
	}

	/**
	 * 计算两个阳历日期相差的天数。
	 * @param startDate 开始时间
	 * @param endDate 截至时间
	 * @return (int)天数
	 * @author liu 2017-3-2
	 */
	private static int daysBetween(Date startDate, Date endDate) {
		int days = 0;
		//将转换的两个时间对象转换成Calendar对象
		Calendar can1 = Calendar.getInstance();
		can1.setTime(startDate);
		Calendar can2 = Calendar.getInstance();
		can2.setTime(endDate);
		//拿出两个年份
		int year1 = can1.get(Calendar.YEAR);
		int year2 = can2.get(Calendar.YEAR);
		//天数

		Calendar can = null;
		//如果can1 < can2
		//减去小的时间在这一年已经过了的天数
		//加上大的时间已过的天数
		if(can1.before(can2)){
			days -= can1.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);
			days += can2.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);
			can = can1;
		}else{
			days -= can2.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);
			days += can1.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);
			can = can2;
		}
		for (int i = 0; i < Math.abs(year2-year1); i++) {
			//获取小的时间当前年的总天数
			days += can.getActualMaximum(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);
			//再计算下一年。
			can.add(Calendar.YEAR, 1);
		}
		return days;
	}

	/**
	 * 检查阴历日期是否合法
	 * @param lunarYear 阴历年
	 * @param lunarMonth 阴历月
	 * @param lunarDay 阴历日
	 * @param leapMonthFlag 闰月标志
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	private static void checkLunarDate(int lunarYear, int lunarMonth, int lunarDay, boolean leapMonthFlag) throws Exception {
		if ((lunarYear < MIN_YEAR) || (lunarYear > MAX_YEAR)) {
			throw(new Exception("非法农历年份！"));
		}
		if ((lunarMonth < 1) || (lunarMonth > 12)) {
			throw(new Exception("非法农历月份！"));
		}
		if ((lunarDay < 1) || (lunarDay > 30)) { // 中国的月最多30天
			throw(new Exception("非法农历天数！"));
		}

		int leap = getLeapMonth(lunarYear);// 计算该年应该闰哪个月
		if ((leapMonthFlag == true) && (lunarMonth != leap)) {
			throw(new Exception("非法闰月！"));
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 阴历转换为阳历
	 * @param lunarDate 阴历日期,格式YYYYMMDD
	 * @param leapMonthFlag 是否为闰月
	 * @return 阳历日期,格式：YYYYMMDD
	 * @throws Exception
	 * @author liu 2015-1-5
	 */
	public static String lunarToSolar(String lunarDate, boolean leapMonthFlag) throws Exception{
		int lunarYear = Integer.parseInt(lunarDate.substring(0, 4));
		int lunarMonth = Integer.parseInt(lunarDate.substring(4, 6));
		int lunarDay = Integer.parseInt(lunarDate.substring(6, 8));

		checkLunarDate(lunarYear, lunarMonth, lunarDay, leapMonthFlag);

		int offset = 0;

		for (int i = MIN_YEAR; i < lunarYear; i++) {
			int yearDaysCount = getYearDays(i); // 求阴历某年天数
			offset += yearDaysCount;
		}
		//计算该年闰几月
		int leapMonth = getLeapMonth(lunarYear);

		if(leapMonthFlag & leapMonth != lunarMonth){
			throw(new Exception("您输入的闰月标志有误！"));
		}

		//当年没有闰月或月份早于闰月或和闰月同名的月份
		if(leapMonth==0|| (lunarMonth < leapMonth) || (lunarMonth==leapMonth && !leapMonthFlag)){
			for (int i = 1; i < lunarMonth; i++) {
				int tempMonthDaysCount = getMonthDays(lunarYear, i);
				offset += tempMonthDaysCount;
			}

			// 检查日期是否大于最大天
			if (lunarDay > getMonthDays(lunarYear, lunarMonth)) {
				throw(new Exception("不合法的农历日期！"));
			}
			offset += lunarDay; // 加上当月的天数
		}else{//当年有闰月，且月份晚于或等于闰月
			for (int i = 1; i < lunarMonth; i++) {
				int tempMonthDaysCount = getMonthDays(lunarYear, i);
				offset += tempMonthDaysCount;
			}
			if (lunarMonth>leapMonth) {
				int temp = getLeapMonthDays(lunarYear); // 计算闰月天数
				offset += temp; // 加上闰月天数

				if (lunarDay > getMonthDays(lunarYear, lunarMonth)) {
					throw(new Exception("不合法的农历日期！"));
				}
				offset += lunarDay;
			}else {	// 如果需要计算的是闰月，则应首先加上与闰月对应的普通月的天数
				// 计算月为闰月
				int temp = getMonthDays(lunarYear, lunarMonth); // 计算非闰月天数
				offset += temp;

				if (lunarDay > getLeapMonthDays(lunarYear)) {
					throw(new Exception("不合法的农历日期！"));
				}
				offset += lunarDay;
			}
		}

		SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd");
		Date myDate = null;
		myDate = formatter.parse(START_DATE);
		Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
		c.setTime(myDate);
		c.add(Calendar.DATE, offset);
		myDate = c.getTime();

		return formatter.format(myDate);
	}

	/**
	 * 阳历日期转换为阴历日期
	 * @param solarDate 阳历日期,格式YYYYMMDD
	 * @return 阴历日期
	 * @throws Exception
	 * @author liu 2015-1-5
	 */
	public static String solarToLunar(String solarDate) throws Exception{
		int i;
		int temp = 0;
		int lunarYear;
		int lunarMonth; //农历月份
		int lunarDay; //农历当月第几天
		boolean leapMonthFlag =false;

		SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd");
		Date myDate = null;
		Date startDate = null;
		try {
			myDate = formatter.parse(solarDate);
			startDate = formatter.parse(START_DATE);
		} catch (ParseException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		int offset = daysBetween(startDate,myDate);

		for (i = MIN_YEAR; i <= MAX_YEAR; i++){
			temp = getYearDays(i);  //求当年农历年天数
			if (offset - temp < 1){
				break;
			}else{
				offset -= temp;
			}
		}
		lunarYear = i;

		int leapMonth = getLeapMonth(lunarYear);//计算该年闰哪个月
		//设定当年是否有闰月
		if (leapMonth > 0){
			isLeapYear = true;
		}else{
			isLeapYear = false;
		}

		for (i = 1;  i<=12; i++) {
			if(i==leapMonth+1 && isLeapYear){
				temp = getLeapMonthDays(lunarYear);
				isLeapYear = false;
				leapMonthFlag = true;
				i--;
			}else{
				temp = getMonthDays(lunarYear, i);
			}
			offset -= temp;
			if(offset<=0){
				break;
			}
		}

		offset += temp;
		lunarMonth = i;
		lunarDay = offset;

		return "阴历："+lunarYear+"年"+(leapMonthFlag&(lunarMonth==leapMonth)?"闰":"")+lunarMonth+"月"+lunarDay+"日";
	}

}

测试一下

package calendar;

public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		System.out.println(CalendarUtil.lunarToSolar("19901204", false));
		System.out.println(CalendarUtil.lunarToSolar("19841021", true));
		System.out.println("************");
		System.out.println(CalendarUtil.solarToLunar("19000923"));
		System.out.println(CalendarUtil.solarToLunar("19000924"));
		System.out.println(CalendarUtil.solarToLunar("19001022"));
		System.out.println(CalendarUtil.solarToLunar("19001023"));

		System.out.println(CalendarUtil.solarToLunar("19900630"));
		System.out.println(CalendarUtil.solarToLunar("19841213"));
		System.out.println(CalendarUtil.solarToLunar("19910119"));
	}
}

结果：

19910119
19841213
************
阴历：1900年8月30日
阴历：1900年闰8月1日
阴历：1900年闰8月29日
阴历：1900年9月1日
阴历：1990年闰5月7日
阴历：1984年闰10月21日
阴历：1990年12月4日

希望对大家有帮助，欢迎大家吐槽。